Unit 81 There ... and It ...

there 와 it
A ----------
there 와 it
there = 무엇이 있다는 것을 처음으로 말하는 경우 (즉, 무엇이 있다는 것이 처음으로 거론이 되는 경우입니다) - '유도부사'라고 불립니다.
There's a new restaurant on Main Street. (A new restaurant is on Main Street이 아닙니다.)
The trip took a long time. There was a lot of traffic. (It was a lot of traffic 이 아닙니다)
Things are more expensive now. There has been a big increase in the cost of living.
it = 대명사로서 앞에 나왔던 물건, 장소, 사실, 상황 등을 나타냅니다.
We went to the new restaurant. It's very good. (it = the restaurant)
I wasn't expecting them to come. It (= that they come) was a complete surprise.
비교:
I don't like this town. There's nothing to do here. It's a boring place. (it = this town)
there 는 장소(to/at/in that place)의 의미도 있습니다.
The new restaurant is very good. I went there (= to the restaurant) last night.
When we got to the party, there were already a lot of people there (= at the party).
B ----------
there will be, there must be, there used to, etc.:
Will there be many people at the party?
"Is there a flight to Miami this evening?" "There might be. I'll call the airport."
If people drove more carefully, there wouldn't be so many accidents.
there must have been, there should have been, etc.:
There was a light on. There must have been somebody at home.
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there 으로 시작을 하는 문장은 there 이 주어가 아닙니다. There is a book on the table. 이라는 문장에서 주어는 a book 이고 동사는 is 가 되겠습니다. there 가 문장에 앞에 나왔기 때문에 주어와 동사가 도치가 된 경우입니다. 위의 여러가지 시제에 대한 예문이 가능한 이유는 there 는 단순한 부사에 지나지 않기 때문입니다.
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비교:
They live on a busy street. There must be a lot of noise from the traffic.
They live on a busy main street. It must be very noisy. (it = living on a busy main street)
There used to be a movie theater on Main Street, but it closed a few years ago.
That building is now a supermarket. It used to be a movie theater. (it = that building)
there is sure/certain/likely to be something:
There is sure to be a flight to Miami this evening.
C ----------
가주어로 쓰이는 it:
It's dangerous to walk in the street. (it = to walk in the street) 에서 it 가 '가주어'이고 'to walk in the street' 가 '진주어'입니다. To walk in the street is dangerous. 라는 문장은 거의 쓰이지 않습니다. 가주어인 it 를 사용하는 것이 일반적입니다.
It didn't take us long to get here. (it = to get there)
It's too bad (that) Sandra can't come to the party. (it = that Sandra can't come)
Let's go. It's not worth waiting any longer. (it = waiting any longer)
비인칭 주어로 쓰이는 it:
거리, 시간, 날씨, 무게, 요일, 날짜 등을 나타낼 때 쓰입니다.
It's a long way from there to the airport.
It's been a long time since I last saw you.
What day is it today?
It was windy. (그러나, There was a cold wind.)